PALD aplies to the design, testing, operation, maintenance, and inspection of portable automotive lifting devices including: hydraulic hand jacks, transmission jacks, engine stands, vehicle support stands, emergency tire changing jacks, upright-type mobile lifts, service jacks, wheel dollies, shop cranes, swing-type mobile lifts, scissors-type mobile lifts, auxiliary stands, automotive ramps, high reach supplementary stands, fork lift jacks, high reach fixed stands, vehicle transport lifts, and attachments, adapters, and accessories.