Guidance is provided on the use of methods to estimate the in-place strength of concrete in new and existing construction. The methods include: rebound number, penetration resistance, pullout, break-off, ultrasonic pulse velocity, maturity, and cast-in-place cylinders. The principle, inherent limitations, and repeatability of each method are reviewed. Procedures are presented for developing the relationship needed to estimate compressive strength from in-place results. Factors to consider in planning in-place tests are discussed, and statistical techniques to interpret test results are presented. The use of in-place tests for acceptance of concrete is introduced. The appendix provides information on the number of strength levels that should be used to develop the strength relationship and explains a regression analysis procedure that accounts for error in both dependent and independent variables.