For many years, nations have recognized the many positive use cases for drones - or unmanned aircraft1 - and their potential to make many aviation activities safer, greener and quieter. However, there is also a potential for drones to be used carelessly or for malicious purposes, including terrorist and other criminal acts.

Drone sightings, perceived to be hazardous or threatening near airports, have impacted airport and flight operations. In addition, close encounters during takeoff, approach and landing have been reported2, with an impact on flight safety. These occurrences have led to the suspension of flight operations with significant impact on the airport, airlines and the public.